UI Design: How Golden Ratio Works in User Interfaces

One of the major characteristics of effective design is a clear user interface. All the elements need to be well-balanced and placed in harmony so that users could easily perceive the information on the screen and interact with a product without efforts. To create an efficient design composition, professionals apply various techniques and methods from art science as well as the basic mathematical theories. One of the common tools helping to build pleasing design compositions is a mathematical proportion called the golden ratio. In the article, we’ll define the essence of this technique and see how it can be used in the design.

What’s the Golden Ratio?

Everything in the world strives for harmony and balance. Even Mother Nature brings things into the world in a form close to perfection. People enjoy things with a natural touch, and they always aim to incorporate these patterns and forms into their outcomes. In pursuit of discovering the secrets of creation, mathematicians calculated a formula that appears in the majority of things on Earth.

The golden ratio is a mathematical proportion between the elements of different sizes, which is thought to be the most aesthetically pleasing for human eyes. The golden ratio equals 1:1.618, and it is often illustrated with seashell-shaped spirals, which you could have probably seen on the Internet.

Source

So, how exactly the perfect asymmetry is calculated? First, you need to decide the length of the small element. Then multiply it by a golden ratio which is 1.618 and the result will be the perfect length of the bigger element.

Source

Golden ratio theory is believed to exist for more than 4000 years. Scientists discovered that the majority of the ancient buildings, as well as famous artworks, obey to the golden ratio. Leonardo Da Vinci and Salvador Dali were known as the followers of the golden ratio theory and they used it as a key tool for their amazing artworks. Today the golden ratio is applied in various fields including architecture, art, photography, and design.

Golden ratio in design

Effective composition is a core part of a design. All the elements need to work together to maximize a pleasant experience. Moreover, each separate element, even the small one like an icon, has to be created in harmony with itself. The golden ratio has a positive influence on visual perception, which is why many graphic and UI designers apply it in their workflow.

Graphic designers are keener to apply the golden ratio. The thing is that the art teachers often explain the theory of the golden ratio to help students figure out how to work with proportions. That’s why many designers continue to apply this tool while creating various graphics, especially for the small but meaningful design elements, such as a logo.

Logo and icon design require deep attention to the details. The golden ratio allows creating illustrations where each element is placed in harmony and appropriate proportion to the others. Moreover, logo design is the heart of the brand so designers strive at presenting it in the most compelling way. The golden ratio can add aesthetic appeal to a logo and increase the brand’s popularity.

The user interface needs to have a clear visual presentation of the components so that people can use the product without problems. The golden ratio is often applied to place UI elements effectively. First of all, it can be used at the stage of wireframing. This way, you can plan a structure for the layout, placing and sizing user interface components according to the golden proportion. In addition, the golden ratio scheme can help professionals crop images for web design, ensuring the photo’s composition remains balanced.

Graphic design for Opera Software promo video

How does the golden ratio improve UI design?

Mathematical calculations may seem boring and time-consuming, so a question may arise whether it’s worth the effort. Let’s see what the golden ratio can bring into the design.

Well-balanced content

Designers often face the situation when a product needs to contain a great amount of various content and each part of it is vital and cannot be replaced. To unify all components into a pleasing composition, the golden ratio can be applied. Divide the layout into sections using a 1:1.618 ratio, and place the content in the sectors according to their importance. Such a content composition is sufficient for users’ perception, and it helps to organize all the components.

Effective visual hierarchy

Speaking of the content organization, we can’t forget about visual hierarchy. As we mentioned in our previous articles, it’s a technique of efficiently structuring content components. By combining the principles of these two techniques, designers increase the likelihood of creating a powerful design composition.

Tracking Widget

Powerful typography levels

To create efficient typography, designers need to divide copy content into different levels. They usually include various types of copy, such as headers, subheadings, body copy, captions, etc. Applying golden ratio professionals can quickly define an appropriate proportion between the typographic levels, for example, you can choose a certain size for the header and then divide it by 1.618. The result will show you the most appropriate subheader size.

Pleasing first impression

When users try a product for the first time, they scan the user interface to understand if they like it or not. The psychology principle known as a visceral reaction states that people decide whether they like something or not within a few seconds of looking at something. This reaction goes faster than our consciousness so we don’t even realize it. That’s is why it’s vital to make sure the first impression of a product will be pleasing. Design created by using the golden ratio has a positive influence on users’ minds and their visual perception and it works from the first sight at a product.

Appropriate white space

White space is the area between elements in design composition. Designers always need to consider the amount of white space in the UI, since the unity of composition highly relies on it. The golden ratio can make spacing much easier and faster. Applying the golden proportions helps you define the right amount of white space, which works well for the design.

Digital Agency Landing Page

A design that presents the natural balance of the components cannot go unnoticed. The well-structured layout is one of the core parts of a powerful UI. The golden ratio brings harmony into the design and makes the product pleasant for users. Don’t be afraid of the mathematical formula. It’s not as difficult as it may seem. Even more, the golden ratio can help create user-friendly digital products that combine utility and aesthetics.

Recommended Reading

The Golden Ratio – Principles of form and layout
Golden Ratio in UI design
Negative Space in Design: Tips and Best Practices
How to Make Web Interface Scannable
Best Practices on Visual Hierarchy
How to Make the Interface Effort-Saving

Originally written for Tubik Blog